Switching Regulator Operation: A Switching Regulator Operation can be thought of as similar to a linear regulator, but with the series-pass transistor operating as a switch that is either off, or switched on (in a…
IC Linear Voltage Regulators: 723 IC Regulator - The basic circuit of a 723 IC Linear Voltage Regulators in a dual-in-line package is shown in Fig. 17-20. This IC has a voltage reference source (D1),…
Op Amp Voltage Regulators: Voltage Follower Regulator - Refer once again to the Op Amp Voltage Regulators circuit in Fig. 17-11. The complete error amplifier has two input terminals at the bases of Q5 and…
Short Circuit Protection Circuit: Power supplies used in laboratories are subject to overloads and short circuits. Short Circuit Protection Circuit by means of current limiting circuits is necessary in such equipment to prevent the destruction…
Improving Regulator Performance: Error Amplifier Gain - The performance of a regulator is dependent on the voltage gain of the error amplifier. A higher gain amplifier gives better line and load regulation. So, anything that…
Transistor Series Voltage Regulator: When a low power zener diode is used in the simple Transistor Series Voltage Regulator, the load current is limited by the maximum diode current. A high-power Zener used in such…
Crystal Equivalent Circuit: Crystal Equivalent Circuit - The output frequency of oscillator circuits is normally not as stable as required for a great many applications. The component values all have tolerances, so that the actual…
Oscillator Amplitude Stabilization Circuit: Output Amplitude - For all of the Oscillator Amplitude Stabilization Circuit discussed, the output voltage amplitude is determined by the amplifier maximum output swing. The output waveform may also be distorted…
Wein Bridge Oscillator using Op Amp: The Wein bridge is an ac bridge that balances only at a particular supply frequency. In the Wein Bridge Oscillator using Op Amp (Fig. 16-10), a Wein bridge circuit…
Hartley Oscillators using Op-Amp: Hartley Oscillators using Op-Amp circuit is similar to the Colpitts oscillator, except that the feedback network consists of two inductors and a capacitor instead of two capacitors and an inductor. Figure…
