Integrated Circuit Components: The Integrated Circuit Components are namely, Transistors and Diodes: The epitaxial planar diffusion process described already is normally employed for the manufacture of IC transistors and diodes. Collector,…
Clamping Circuit: Negative and Positive Voltage Clamping Circuits - A clamping circuit, also known as a dc restorer, changes the dc voltage level of a waveform, but does not affect…
Interlocking Components in Electrical Drives: Sensing of signals required for speed and current control loops. Sequencing and interlocking operations are explained in the previous section, whereas this section discusses components…
Electrical Drive Systems: Each Electrical Drive Systems is different from other Electrical Drive Systems. However, there are some common features associated with all Electrical Drive Systems. To understand them it…
Power Factor Improvement Methods: There are many drives which operate at a low power factor. Some of Power Factor Improvement Methods are: An induction motor direct on line. ac-dc diode…
Diesel Electric Traction System: Because of high initial cost, electric traction is justified only where there is sufficient volume of traffic. Diesel Electric Traction System is preferable where the traffic…
Traction Drive Rating and Energy Consumption: Traction Drive Rating and Energy Consumption - The speed-time curve of Fig. I0.6(a) is reproduced in Fig. 10.9. For simplification in calculations, it is…
Electric Traction Services: Electric Traction Services can be broadly classified as: Electric Trains. Electric buses, trams (or tramways) and trolleys. Battery driven and solar powered vehicles. Electric Trains: Electric trains…