Universal Counter Timer: All measurements of time period and frequency by various circuits can be assembled together to form one complete block, called a Universal Counter Timer. The universal counter…
Working Principle of Digital Multimeter: Analog meters require no power supply, they give a better visual indication of changes and suffer less from electric noise and isolation problems. These meters…
What is a Digital Instrument?: Digital instrument are rapidly replacing their analog counterparts. The parameters of interest in a laboratory environment are (i) voltage (ii) current (iii) power (iv) frequency,…
Microprocessor Based Ramp Type DVM: A basic block diagram of a Microprocessor Based Ramp Type DVM and its operating waveform is shown in Fig. 5.17 (a) and (b) respectively. Depending…
Average Responding Voltmeter and Peak Responding Voltmeter: A simplified version of a circuit used in a typical average responding voltmeter is given in Fig. 4.23. The applied waveform is amplified…
Chopper type DC Amplifier Voltmeter (Microvoltmeter): Chopper type DC Amplifier Voltmeter the dc input voltage is converted into an ac voltage, amplified by an ac amplifier and then converted back…
Thermocouple Principle and Types of Thermocouple: Thermocouple Principle consists of a junction of two dissimilar wires, so chosen that a voltage is generated by heating the junction. The output of…
Electrodynamometer Instrument: Electrodynamometer Instrument - The D'Arsonval movement responds to the average or dc value of the current flowing through the coil. If ac current is sought to be measured,…