Receiver Types: There are Two Receiver Types namely, Pilot Carrier Receiver and a Suppressed Carrier Receiver; the suppressed carrier receiver incorporates a frequency synthesizer for extra stability and also is…

Indirect Synthesizer: Indirect Synthesizer: The required frequency range in most synthesizers nowadays is obtained from a variable voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), whose output is corrected by comparison with that of a…

Direct Synthesizer Block Diagram: A Direct Synthesizer Block Diagram is a piece of apparatus in which multiples and submultiples of a single crystal oscillator frequency are combined by addition and/or…

Automatic Frequency Control Block Diagram: Automatic frequency control: As previously we see, the heart of an AFC circuit is a frequency-sensitive device, such as the phase discriminator, which produces a…

Intermediate Frequency Amplifier: Choice of frequency: The Intermediate Frequency Amplifier (IF) of a receiving system is usually a compromise, since there are reasons why it should be neither low nor…

Frequency Changing and Tracking in Receivers: The mixer is a nonlinear device having two sets of input terminals and one set of output terminals. The signal from the antenna or…

Tuned Radio Frequency Receiver: The Tuned Radio Frequency Receiver is a simple "logical" receiver. A person with just a little knowledge of communications would probably expect all radio receivers to…