Electronic Instrumentation

Frequency Generating Transducer

Frequency Generating Transducer: Frequency Generating Transducer – Unlike variable parameter analog transducers, frequency and pulse generating transducers measure physical variables in terms of a pulse repetition rate. Since frequency is an analog quantity, these can be treated as either analog or digital devices. Therefore, any phenomenon to be measured is converted into a corresponding rate …

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Phototransistor Construction and Working Principle

Phototransistor Construction and Working Principle: The sensitivity of a photo diode can be increased by as much as 100 times by adding a junction, resulting in an NPN device. A simple representation of the Phototransistor Construction is shown in Fig. 13.36. Illumination of the central region causes the release of electron hole pairs. This lowers …

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Photovoltaic Cell Working Principle and Types of Photovoltaic Cells

Photovoltaic Cell Working Principle and Types of Photovoltaic Cells: The Photovoltaic Cell Working Principle or solar cell, produces an electrical current when connected to a load. Both silicon (Si) and selenium (Se) types are known for these purposes. Multiple unit silicon photo-voltaic devices may be used for sensing light in applications such as reading punched …

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Resonance Bridge for Measurement of Inductance or Capacitance

Resonance Bridge for Measurement of Inductance or Capacitance: One arm of this Resonance Bridge, shown in Fig. 11.29, consists of a series resonance circuit. The series resonance circuit is formed by Rd, Cd and Ld in series. All the other arms consist of resistors only. Using the equation for balance, we have Z1Z4 = Z2Z3, where …

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