Electronic Instrumentation

Photo Optical Modulator

Photo Optical Modulator: Photo Optical Modulator – The principle of an optical dc chopper is illustrated in Fig. 14.42. Devices of this type have been used widely in infrared signal detectors, whose output is a slowly varying dc product. The properties of the parallel connected photo re­sistor are such that the device produces a decrease

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Frequency Generating Transducer

Frequency Generating Transducer: Frequency Generating Transducer – Unlike variable parameter analog transducers, frequency and pulse generating transducers measure physical variables in terms of a pulse repetition rate. Since frequency is an analog quantity, these can be treated as either analog or digital devices. Therefore, any phenomenon to be measured is converted into a corresponding rate

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Platinum Thin Film RTD Sensors

Platinum Thin Film RTD Sensors: Platinum Thin Film RTD Sensors are manufactured by a very thin layer of platinum in suitable pattern to achieve smaller dimension and higher resistance, on a ceramic base. The deposition of layers and introduction of patterns are obtained using different methods. Normally, a number of such chips are manufactured on

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Photovoltaic Cell Working Principle and Types of Photovoltaic Cells

Photovoltaic Cell Working Principle and Types of Photovoltaic Cells: The Photovoltaic Cell Working Principle or solar cell, produces an electrical current when connected to a load. Both silicon (Si) and selenium (Se) types are known for these purposes. Multiple unit silicon photo-voltaic devices may be used for sensing light in applications such as reading punched

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AC Wheatstone Bridge

AC Wheatstone Bridge: Impedances at AF or RF are commonly determined by means of an ac Wheatstone bridge. The diagram of an ac bridge is given in Fig. 11.17. This bridge is similar to a dc bridge, except that the bridge arms are impedances. The bridge is excited by an ac source rather than dc

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