Insulation Coordination of Substation: For steep fronted lightning waves at Insulation Coordination of Substation and at different points on lines, the voltages at sub-stations may exceed the protective level depending on the distances involved and…
Insulation Coordination in High Voltage: Insulation Coordination in High Voltage - Electric power supply should ensure reliability and continuity to the utility concerns. Hence, the power lines and sub-stations are to be operated and protected…
Insulating Materials Types: There is no piece of electrical equipment that does not depend on electrical insulation in one form or an other to maintain the flow of electric current in desired paths or circuits.…
Insulating Materials for Underground Cables: The satisfactory operation of a cable depends to a great extent upon the characteristics of insulation used. Therefore, the proper choice of Insulating Materials for Underground Cables is of considerable…
Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT): An Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) is basically a hybrid MOS-gated turn on/off bipolar transistor that combines the features of MOSFET (voltage control features), BJT (fast acting features and high…
Instrumentation System Block Diagram: Instrumentation System - The measurement and control of physical conditions is very important in many industrial and consumer applications. For example, the operator may make necessary adjustments in the measurement of…
Instrumentation Amplifier or Data Amplifier: Instrumentation Amplifier - Many industrial systems, consumer systems and process control systems require a precise measurement of the physical quantities like temperature, pressure, humidity, weight etc. A sugar factory requires…
Instrumentation Amplifier Circuit Working: Circuit Operation - At first glance, the Instrumentation Amplifier Circuit Working in Fig. 14-28 looks complex, but when considered section by section it is found to be quite simple. First, note…
Instrumentation Amplifier Circuit: The schematic diagram of an Instrumentation Amplifier Circuit constructed with dc opamps and consisting of general features is shown in Fig. 14.23 (a). Many of the input specifications of the opamps employed…
Instrument Transformers - Definition, Types and Errors: AC type protective relays are actuated by current and voltage supplied by current and potential (or voltage) transformers, known as instrument transformers. The main function of instrument transformers…
