Microprocessors and Microcontrollers

Microprocessor Based Firing Circuit of a Thyristor: Figure 10.64 shows the circuit diagram for Microprocessor Based Firing Circuit of a Thyristor. In a Microprocessor Based Firing Circuit of a Thyristor, it is necessary to synchronize the microprocessor software with the ac input voltage. For this purpose, a zero crossing detector is necessary. A potential transformer […]

Microprocessor Based Traffic Light Control: Nowadays microprocessors are used to implement the traffic control system. Figure 10.62 shows the simple model of Microprocessor Based Traffic Light Control. The various control signals such as red, green, orange, forward arrow, right arrow and left arrow are used in this scheme. The forward, right and left arrows are

Microprocessor Based Protection Relay: Reliable and accurate protection schemes are required for any system. Microprocessors can fulfill these requirements without fail. In addition to the system protection, microprocessors can perform all control operations, analysis as well as measurement. The cost of a protective scheme should be about 1% of the cost of the equipment to

Measurement of Physical Quantities: Measurement of Physical Quantities is given by Displacement Measurement Strain Measurement Force Measurement Torque Measurement Pressure Measurement Temperature Measurement Water-Level Indicator Measurement and Display of Speed of a Motor Nowadays, physical quantities such as force, displacement, acceleration, velocity, speed, temperature, pressure, flow and level, etc., are measured and displayed using microprocessors

Measurement of Electrical Quantities: Measurement of electrical quantities which includes Measurement of Voltage Measurement of Current Frequency Measurement Phase-Angle Measurement Power-Factor Measurement Impedance Measurement VA Measurement Power Measurement VAR Measurement Energy Measurement Measurement of Voltage Figure 10.9 shows the schematic block diagram of dc voltage measurement. Firstly, the dc voltage is applied to the peak

Pin diagram of 8089 Processor: Pin diagram of 8089 Processor – In a microprocessor-based system, there are many peripheral devices which are interconnected with the main processor as shown in Fig. 9.102(a). To perform any operation related to peripheral devices, the CPU must initiate the specified operation and also track their operations. After completion of

Pin diagram of 16550 UART: The 16550 UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter) is an integrated circuit which is used for the interfacing for serial communications. Usually, it is used to implement the serial port for personal com­puters and it is also used to connect to an RS-232C for modems, printers, and other peripheral devices. The 16550

Pin Diagram of 8250 UART: Pin Diagram of 8250 UART – The UART stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter. The UART is used in parallel-to-serial and serial-to-parallel conversions. Actually, UART receives data bytes from the computer and converts it into a single serial bitstream for outward transmission. During inward transmission of UART converts the serial

Bus Interface in Microprocessor: Bus Interface in Microprocessor – A microcomputer consists of a set of components such as CPU, memory, I/O device and these components communicate with each other to perform a specified task. The collection of paths which connect the vari­ous devices or modules is called the interconnection structure. The design of the

Internal Architecture of 8275 CRT Controller: The 8275 programmable CRT controller is a single-chip device that generates all the signals which are used for interfacing a microprocessor system. The main function of the 8275 CRT controller is to refresh the dis­play by buffering the information from the main memory. This is also used to keep