Inverting Amplifier using Op Amp: Inverting Amplifier using Op Amp – As the name suggests the output of such an amplifier is inverted as compared to the input signal. The inverted output signal means having a phase shift of 180° as compared to the input signal. So, an amplifier which provides a phase shift of […]
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Operational Amplifier Applications: The countless simple circuits using one or more operational amplifiers, some external resistors and the capacitors can be constructed. Such Operational Amplifier Applications are classified as Linear applications of op amp Non linear applications of op amp Linear Applications of Op Amp: In the Linear type of Applications, output voltage varies linearly
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Op Amp Assumptions: We can make two Op Amp Assumptions which are realistic and simplify the analysis of op-amp circuits to a great extent. The Op Amp Assumptions are useful and can be used to obtain the output expressions in variety of linear applications. Zero Input Current: The current drawn by either of the input
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Closed Loop Configuration of Op amp: The utility of op-amp increases considerably if it is used in a closed loop mode. The Closed Loop Configuration of Op amp mode is possible using feedback. The feedback allows to feed some part of the output back to the input. In linear applications the op-amp is always used
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Open Loop Configuration of Op amp: The simplest possible way to use an operational amplifier is in the open loop mode. The Fig. 2.13 shows an Open Loop Configuration of Op amp. We know that the d.c. supply voltages applied to the op-amp are VCC and -VEE and the output varies linearly only between VCC
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Parameters of Operational Amplifier: Two Important Parameters of Operational Amplifier are the slew rate and the power supply rejection ratio (PSRR). Let us discuss and obtain the expressions for these two Parameters of Operational Amplifier Power Supply Rejection Ratio: The power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) is defined as the ratio of the change in input
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Practical Op Amp Characteristics: The Practical Op Amp Characteristics can be approximated closely enough, for many practical op-amps But basically the Practical Op Amp Characteristics are little bit different than the ideal op-amp characteristics. The various characteristics of a practical op-amp can be described as below Open loop gain : It is the voltage gain
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Equivalent Circuit of Practical Op Amp: The Circuit which represents op-amp parameters in terms of physical components, for the analysis purpose is called equivalent circuit of an op-amp. The Equivalent Circuit of Practical Op Amp is shown in the Fig. 2.8. The Equivalent Circuit of Practical Op Amp shows the op-amp parameters like input resistance,
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Ideal Voltage Transfer Curve of Op Amp: Ideal Voltage Transfer Curve of Op Amp – The ideal op-amp produces the output proportional to the difference between the two input voltages. The graphical representation of this statement gives the voltage transfer curve. It is the graph of output voltage Vo plotted against the difference input Voltage
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Ideal Operational Amplifier: The Ideal Operational Amplifier is basically an amplifier which amplifies the difference between the two input signals. In its basic form, the Op Amp is nothing but a differential amplifier. To understand the Ideal Characteristics of Operational Amplifier, let us discuss the operation of an ideal differential amplifier which is a basic
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