pH Measurement Methods: pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the active hydrogen ion. It is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. The pH scale runs from 0 -…
Megger Circuit Diagram: Another common method of measuring resistances above 50 M Ω is the Megger Circuit Diagram (megaohmmeter) shown in Fig. 10.23(a). This instrument is used to measure very high resistances, such as those…
Transistor Tester and its characteristics: The term Transistor Tester (or analyser) used in this text is for instruments giving quantative measurements of transistor parameters. The tester should be able to provide direct readings for at…
Automatic Bridge Circuit: The bridges discussed so far require that the controls be adjusted for balance after each capacitor (or other devices being tested) is connected to the bridge. In effect, they are manual. In…
RX Meter Circuit in Measuring Instruments: An RX Meter Circuit in Measuring Instruments is used to measure the separate resistive and reactive components of a parallel Z network. It is especially useful in the design…
LCR Bridge: Basic LCR Bridge (Skeleton Type) : A simple bridge for the measurement of resistance, capacitance and inductance may be constructed with four resistance decades in one arm, and binding post terminals to which…
Q Meter: The overall efficiency of coils and capacitors intended for RF applications is best evaluated using the Q value. The Q Meter is used to measure some electrical properties of coils and capacitors. The…
Vector Impedance Meter (Direct Reading): If some knowledge of the reactive and resistive factors is needed, in addition to obtaining a direct reading of the magnitude of the impedance (Z), a test method for determining…
What is Phase Sensitive Detector or Phase Meter Circuit?: Figure 10.4 shows a Phase Sensitive Detector or Phase Meter Circuit for comparing an ac, signal with a reference signal. The Phase Sensitive Detector Circuit produces…
Stroboscope Working Principle: The stroboscope working principle uses a high intensity light which flashes at precise intervals. This light may be directed upon a rotating or vibrating object. The stroboscopic effect is apparent when the…
