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Stator Protection

Stator Protection: Stator Protection - The type of stator faults likely to occur have been discussed already. The earth-fault current is usually limited by resistance in the neutral of the…

Differential Protection of Transformers

Differential Protection of Transformers: Differential Protection of Transformers is the most important type of protection used for internal phase-to-phase and phase-to-earth faults and is generally applied to transformers having ratings…

Power Swings in Power System Protection

Power Swings in Power System Protection: The impedance measured or seen by a distance relay during normal load is shown in Fig. (5.29). Normally this would be outside the tripping…

Reach of Distance Relay

Reach of Distance Relay: A distance relay is set to operate up to a particular value of impedance; for an impedance greater than this set value the relay should not…

Overcurrent Protection of Feeders

Overcurrent Protection of Feeders: Overcurrent relays offer the cheapest and the simplest protection for lines. The maximum load currents must be known to determine whether the ratio of the minimum…

Differential Relay Application

Differential Relay Application: The principle of operation depends on a simple circulating current principle where the difference of the currents of the two CTs flows through the relay under normal…

Instantaneous Overcurrent Relays

Instantaneous Overcurrent Relays: If the relay operates instantly without any intentional time delay, this characteristic can generally be satisfied by a relay of the non-polarized attracted armature type. This relay…

Types of Electromagnetic Relays

Types of Electromagnetic Relays: There are two principal Types of Electromagnetic Relays: Attracted armature type; and Induction type. (a) Attracted Armature Type: This includes plunger, hinged armature, balanced beam and…