Indirect Synthesizer: Indirect Synthesizer: The required frequency range in most synthesizers nowadays is obtained from a variable voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), whose output is corrected by comparison with that of a…
Generation of Frequency Modulation: The Generation of Frequency Modulation system is a variable output frequency, with the variation proportional to the instantaneous amplitude of the modulating voltage. The subsidiary requirements…
Interfacing ICs Articles: Features of 8255 Microprocessor: Here we see programmable peripheral interface (PPI), 8255, designed by Intel. It is a general purpose programmable I/O device used for parallel data…
8259 Block Diagram: Fig. 14.71 shows the internal 8259 Block Diagram. It includes eight blocks : data bus buffer, read/write logic, control logic, three registers (IRR, ISR and IMR), priority…
Interfacing of 8257 with 8085: Fig. 14.68 shows the interfacing of 8257 with 8085 in I/O mapped I/O technique. In slave mode, RD and WR signals are activated by CPU…
8257 Pin Diagram: Fig. 14.61 shows 8257 Pin Diagram. Data Bus (D0-D7) : These are bi-directional tri-state signals connected to the system data bus. When CPU is having control of…
Maximum Mode Configuration of 8086: A processor is in the Maximum Mode Configuration of 8086 when its MN/MX pin is grounded. The maximum mode defines pins 24 to 31 as…
Minimum Mode Configuration of 8086: Pin definitions from 24 to 31 are different for minimum mode and maximum mode. By using these pins the 8086 itself generates all bus control…