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Static Relay

Static Relay: The term 'static relay' is generally referred to a relay incorporating solid state components like transistors, diodes, resistors, capacitors, etc. In this type of relay, the functions of…

Temperature Controls

Temperature Controls using an Analog Electronic Controller: A Temperature Controls scheme using an Analog Electronic Controller of Fig. 21.14 is as shown in Fig. 21.16. The temperature setting, derived from a slide…

Delta Modulation

Delta Modulation(DM): Delta modulation(DM) is process of modulation in which train of fixed width pulses is transmitted. Their polarity indicates whether the demodulator output should rise or fall at each…

Pulse Width Modulation

Pulse Width Modulation(PWM): Pulse width modulation of PTM is also often called Pulse Duration Modulation (PDM). In this system, shown in Fig. 18.8, we have a fixed amplitude and starting…

Audio Amplifier Frequency Response

Audio Amplifier Frequency Response: The Audio Amplifier Frequency Response is essential for filters, couplings circuits, amplifier stages and overall audio circuits. An amplifier stage is used as an example. A…

Measurements of Thickness using Beta Gauge

Measurements of Thickness using Beta Gauge: Beta Gauge - A common and characteristic feature of a radioactive element is that they disintegrate spontaneously to produce fresh radioactive elements called daughter…

LM335 IC Temperature Sensor

LM335 IC Temperature Sensor: LM335 IC Temperature Sensor - IC sensor produces a voltage or current signal that increases with increase in temperature. It eliminate the linearity errors associated with…

Potentiometric Recorder Working Principle (Multipoint)

Potentiometric Recorder Working Principle (Multipoint): Potentiometric Recorder Working Principle - The thermocouple or millivolt signal is amplified by a non-inverting MOSFET, chopper stabilized, feedback amplifier. This configuration has a very…