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Integrated Circuits

Integrated Circuits: Integrated Circuits Introduction Integrated Circuits Classification Basic Planar Processes in IC Fabrication Vapour Phase Epitaxy Molecular Beam Epitaxy Oxidation Lithography Reactive Plasma Etching Diffusion Ion Implantation Metallization Packaging Monolithic Transistors PNP Transistor Monolithic Diodes Integrated Resistors Integrated Capacitors Integrated FETs Introduction to Linear Integrated Circuits Ideal Op Amp Ideal Voltage Transfer Curve Equivalent …

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Electronic Instrumentation

Electronic Instrumentation: AC Input AC Voltmeter using Half wave Rectifier AC Voltmeter using Rectifiers Active Filters Classification Active Filters Types AF Sine and Square Wave Generator All Pass Filter Design Analog Electronics Process Controllers Analog ph Meter Circuit Applications of Oscilloscope Atomic Frequency And Time Standards Attenuators Audio Amplifier Frequency Response Automatic Bridge Automation in …

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Hysteresis Loss and Eddy Current Loss in Transformer

Electrical Machines, Magnetic Circuits and Induction
Hysteresis and Eddy-Current Losses

Hysteresis Loss and Eddy Current Loss in Transformer: When a magnetic material undergoes cyclic magnetization, two kinds of power losses occur in it Hysteresis Loss and Eddy Current Loss in Transformer which together are known as Core Loss in transformer. The Core Loss in transformer is important in determining heating, temperature rise, rating and efficiency …

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Energy Conservation Methods

Introduction to Modern Power System, Modern Power System

Energy Conservation Methods: Energy Conservation Methods is the cheapest new source of energy. We should resort to various conservation measures such as cogeneration (discussed earlier), and use energy efficient motors to avoid wasteful electric uses. We can achieve considerable electrical power savings by reducing unnecessary high lighting levels, oversized motors, etc. A 9 W compact …

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Different types of Renewable Energy

Introduction to Modern Power System, Modern Power System

Different types of Renewable Energy: To protect environment and for sustainable development, the importance of Different types of Renewable Energy cannot be overemphasized. It is an established and accepted fact that Renewable Energy Sources and non-conventional forms of energy will play an increasingly important role in the future as they are cleaner and easier to …

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Cogeneration Power Plant and Topping and Bottoming Cycle in Cogeneration

Introduction to Modern Power System, Modern Power System

Cogeneration Power Plant | Topping and Bottoming Cycle in Cogeneration: Considering the tremendous amount of waste heat generated in thermal power generation, it is advisable to save fuel by the simultaneous generation of electricity and steam (or hot water) for industrial use or space heating. Now called Cogeneration Power Plant, such systems have long been …

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Thermal Power Station and Coal Based Thermal Power Plant

Introduction to Modern Power System, Modern Power System
Thermal Power Stations

Thermal Power Station | Coal Based Thermal Power Plant: The heat released during the combustion of coal, oil or gas is used in a boiler to raise steam. In India heat generation is mostly coal based except in small sizes, because of limited indigenous production of oil. Therefore, we shall discuss only coal fired boilers …

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