Bus Impedance Matrix Method for Analysis of Unsymmetrical Shunt Faults: Bus Impedance Matrix Method of fault analysis, given for symmetrical faults  can be easily extended to the case of unsymmetrical faults. Consider for example an…

Open Conductor Faults: An open conductor faults is in series with the line. Line currents and series voltages between broken ends of the conductors are required to be determined. Figure 11.19 shows currents and voltages…

Double Line to Ground Fault (LLG): Figure 11.9 shows a Double Line to Ground Fault at F in a power system. The fault may in general have an impedance Zf as shown. The current and…

Line to Line Fault (LL): Figure 11.7 shows a Line to Line Fault at F in a power system on phases b and c through a fault impedance Zf. The phases can always be relabelled, such…

Single Line to Ground Fault: Figure 11.4 shows a Single Line to Ground Fault at F in a power system through a fault impedance Zf. The phases are so labelled that the fault occurs on…

Symmetrical Component Analysis of Unsymmetrical Faults: Symmetrical Component Analysis of Unsymmetrical Faults - Consider a general power network shown in Fig. 11.1. It is assumed that a shunt type fault occurs at point F in…