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Frequency Modulation Recording

Frequency Modulation Recording: When a more accurate response to dc voltages is required, an Frequency Modulation Recording system is generally used. In this FM system, the input signal is used to frequency modulate a carrier, i.e. the carrier signal is frequency modulated by the input signal (FM modula­tion), which is then recorded on the tape […]

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XY Recorder Working

XY Recorder Working

XY Recorder Working: XY Recorder Working – In most research fields, it is often convenient to plot the instantaneous relationship between two variables [Y = f(x)], rather than to plot each variable separately as a function of time. In such cases, the X-Y recorder is used, in which one variable is plotted against another variable.

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Null Type Recorder Working Principle

Null Type Recorder: These Null Type Recorder Working Principle of self-balancing or null conditions. When an input is given to the measuring circuit of the recorder from a sensor or transducer, it upsets the balance of the measuring circuit, producing an error voltage which operates some other device, which in turn restores the balance or brings

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Galvanometer Type Recorder

Galvanometer Type Recorder: The D’Arsonval movement used in moving coil indicating instruments can also provide the movement in a Galvanometer Type Recorder. The D’Arsonval movement consists of a moving coil placed in a strong magnetic field, as shown in Fig. 12.2(a). In a galvanometer type recorder, the pointer of the D’Arsonval movement is fitted with

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Definition of Recorder

Definition of Recorder: Definition of Recorder – A recorder is a measuring instrument that displays a time-varying signal in a form easy to examine, even after the original signal has ceased to exist. Recorders generally provide a graphic recod of variations in the quantity being measured, as well as an easily visible scale on which the

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Wheatstone Bridge Diagram

Wheatstone Bridge Diagram: A Wheatstone Bridge diagram in its simplest form consists of a network of four resistance arms forming a closed circuit, with a dc source of current applied to two opposite junctions and a current detector connected to the other two junctions, as shown in Fig. 11.1. Wheatstone Bridge diagram are extensively used

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pH Measurement Methods

pH Measurement Methods: pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the active hydrogen ion. It is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. The pH scale runs from 0 – 14, with pH 7, the neutral point, being the pH of pure water at 25°C. The lower the pH value,

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Megger Circuit Diagram

Megger Circuit Diagram: Another common method of measuring resistances above 50 M Ω is the Megger Circuit Diagram (megaohmmeter) shown in Fig. 10.23(a). This instrument is used to measure very high resistances, such as those found in cable insulations, between motor windings, in transformer windings, etc. Construction and Working Principles: Normal (shop) VOMs do not

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Q Meter

Q Meter: The overall efficiency of coils and capacitors intended for RF applications is best evaluated using the Q value. The Q Meter is used to measure some electrical properties of coils and capacitors. The Q Meter Working Principle is based on series resonance; the voltage drop across the coil or capacitor is Q times

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