Grounding or Earthing: The process of connecting the metallic frame (i.e. non-current carrying part) of electrical equipment or some electrical part of the system (e.g. neutral point in a star-connected…
Equipments in Transformer Substation: The Equipments in Transformer Substation depends upon the type of sub-station, service requirement and the degree of protection desired. However, in general, the Equipments in Transformer…
Surge Diverter | Lightning Arrester Types: The earthing screen and ground wires can well protect the electrical system against direct lightning strokes but they fail to provide protection against travelling…
Types of Lightning Strikes: There are two Types of Lightning Strikes may strike the power system (e.g. overhead lines, towers, sub-stations etc.), namely; Direct stroke Indirect stroke 1. Direct stroke:…
Voltage Surge or Transient Voltage: A sudden rise in voltage for a very short duration on the power system is known as a Voltage Surge or Transient Voltage. Transients or…
Protection of Alternators: The generating units, especially the larger ones, are relatively few in number and higher in individual cost than most other equipment's. Therefore, it is desirable and necessary…
Differential Relay: Most of the relays discussed so far relied on excess of current for their operation. Such relays are less sensitive because they cannot make correct distinction between heavy…
Protective Relay: A Protective Relay is a device that detects the fault and initiates the operation of the circuit breaker to isolate the defective element from the rest of the…