Second Order High Pass Butterworth Filter Derivation: As in the case of a first order filter, a second order high pass filter can be formed from a second order low…
Diode Bridge Type Modulator with Transformer Coupling: Diode Bridge Type Modulator - Figure 14.33 shows a silicon diode ring modulator with an associated ac coupled dc amplifier. The amplifier itself…
Measurements of Thickness using Beta Gauge: Beta Gauge - A common and characteristic feature of a radioactive element is that they disintegrate spontaneously to produce fresh radioactive elements called daughter…
Photoelectric Transducer Working Principle: Photoelectric Transducer can be categorized as photo emissive, photo-conductive or photo-voltaic. In photo emissive devices, radiation falling on a cathode causes electrons to be emitted from…
Null Type Recorder: These Null Type Recorder Working Principle of self-balancing or null conditions. When an input is given to the measuring circuit of the recorder from a sensor or transducer,…
Bridge Controlled Error Detection: Bridge Controlled Error Detection - Whenever a bridge is unbalanced, a potential difference exists at its output terminal. The potential difference causes current to flow through…
Megger Circuit Diagram: Another common method of measuring resistances above 50 M Ω is the Megger Circuit Diagram (megaohmmeter) shown in Fig. 10.23(a). This instrument is used to measure very…
DC Standard Differential Voltmeter: A basic DC Standard Differential Voltmeter can be operated in different modes. The three basic modes of operation are as a dc voltage standard, as a…