Reflection of Waves

Reflection of Waves: There is much similarity between the reflection of light by a mirror and the reflection of electromagnetic waves by a conducting medium. In both instances the angle…

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Interfacing with Microprocessors Articles

Interfacing with Microprocessors Articles: BCD to 7 Segment Decoder using IC 7447: BCD to 7 Segment Decoder using IC 7447 are generally used as numerical indicators and consists of a…

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Sensors and Transducers

Sensors and Transducers: The definition of Sensors and Transducers are follows, The input quantity for most instrumentation systems is nonelectrical. In order to use electrical methods and techniques for measurement, the…

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Solid State Relay Interfacing

Solid State Relay Interfacing: To avoid the problems of mechanical relays, Solid State Relay Interfacing are used. In this triac is used as a switching element and isolation is provided…

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Introduction to Static Relays Articles

Introduction to Static Relays Articles: Characteristic Functions of Protection Relay : Characteristic Functions of Protection Relay elements using different operating principles. These principles and design criteria determine how well the…

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Protective Relays Articles

Protective Relays Articles: Protective Relay: A Protective Relay is a device that detects the fault and initiates the operation of the circuit breaker to isolate the defective element from the…

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Electrical Design of Overhead Lines Articles

Electrical Design of Overhead Lines Articles: Constants of a Transmission Line: A transmission line has resistance, inductance and capacitance uniformly distributed along the whole length of the line. Before we…

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Measurement of High Voltage and Currents Articles

Measurement of High Voltage and Currents Articles: Series Resistance Microammeter: High d.c. voltages are usually measured by connecting a very high resistance (few hundreds of megaohms) in Series Resistance Microammeter…

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