Data Acquisition System: A typical Data Acquisition System consists of individual sensors with the necessary signal conditioning, data conversion, data processing, multiplexing, data handling and associated transmission, storage and display systems. In order to optimise the characteristics of the system in terms of performance, handling capacity and cost, the relevant sub systems can be combined […]
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Electric Drive Motor: Motion control is required in large number of industrial and domestic applications like transportation systems, rolling mills, paper machines, textile mills, machine tools, fans, pumps, robots, washing machines etc. Systems employed for motion control are called drives and may employ any of the prime movers such as, diesel or petrol. engines, gas
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Introduction to Semiconductor Materials and Devices: An electronic device controls the movement of electrons. The study of electronic devices requires a basic understanding of the relationship between electrons and the other components of an atom. The movement of electrons within a solid, and the bonding forces between atoms can then be investigated. This leads to
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Principles of Communication Systems: In a broad sense, the term Principles of Communication Systems refers to the sending, receiving and processing of information by electronic means. Communications started with wire telegraphy in the eighteen forties, developing with telephony some decades later and radio at the beginning of this century. Radio communication, made possible by the
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Electric Voltage: Electric Voltage states that, according to the structure of an atom, we know that there are two types of charges: Positive and Negative. A force of attraction exists between these positive and negative charges. A certain amount of energy (work) is required to overcome the force and move the charges through a specific
Types of Filters in Electronics: Types of filters in electronics may be of any physical form—electrical, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, acoustical, etc. The most commonly used filters are of the electrical type. Types of filters in electronics may be classified as follows. Low Pass Filter High Pass Filter Band Pass Filter Band Stop Filter All Pass
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Transistor Chopper Circuit: Transistor Chopper Circuit – A single transistor used as a dynamic switch to convert low level dc signal to an ac waveform is shown in Fig. 14.34. If the voltage applied to the transistor base is negative (in the case of a PNP transistor), both emitter and collector diodes are shorted, and
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Instrumentation System Block Diagram: Instrumentation System – The measurement and control of physical conditions is very important in many industrial and consumer applications. For example, the operator may make necessary adjustments in the measurement of temperature or humidity inside a dairy or meat plant to maintain the product quality, or to produce a particular type
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What is an Operational Amplifier?: An Operational Amplifier is a dc amplifier having a high gain, of the order of 104 – 108. Such an amplifier can perform summing, integration, differentiation, or act as comparator with suitable feedback networks. Hence these are known as opamps. (In such circuits the required response is obtained by the
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Signal Conditioning System: Signal Conditioning System – The measurand, which is basically a physical quantity, is detected by the first stage of the instrumentation or measurement system. The first stage is the detector transducer stage. The quantity is detected and converted or transduced into an electrical form in most cases. The output of the first
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