Arc Furnace – Definition, Types, Advantages and Application: When a high voltage is applied across an air gap, the air in the gap gets ionised under the influence of electrostatic forces and becomes conducting medium. Current flows in the form of a continuous spark, called the arc. It is to be noted that a very […]
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Power Supply for Electrolytic Process: Power Supply for Electrolytic Process is direct current and at very low voltage. The power required for electrodeposition is usually very small (between 100 and 200 amperes at 10 or 12 volts) and can be obtained either by employing a motor-generator set consisting of a standard induction motor driving a
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Composite System of Track Electrification: The composite system of track electrification which comprise are the dc system the single phase ac system the three phase ac system and the composite system single phase-three phase system and single phase-direct current system. 1. DC System In this system of track electrification, the electric motors employed for getting
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Methods of Booster Transformer in Electric Traction: In ac traction system return current mainly flows to the substation through track leaving a small portion, which flows through ground because of leakage of current from track to the ground. It has already been described that this leakage current causes a heavy interference with communication lines which
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Interference in Telecommunication Circuit in Electric Traction: In all traction systems track is used as a return path for the current. Some part of the current flows through the track and the remaining portion of the current flows through earth, as shown in Fig. 15.25. Current flowing through earth causes interference in telecommunication lines. Now
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Major Traction Substation Equipments: The Major Traction Substation Equipments are namely, traction transformer circuit breakers and interruptor. 1. Traction Transformer Transformers are required to step down the grid supply voltage (220 or 132 kV) to 25 kV. These are specially designed so as to withstand severe operating conditions and have large short-time peak capacity. Its
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Systems of Track Electrification AC Electrification System: As even in single phase electrification, the substations are necessarily required to keep the voltage drop within permissible limits. The type of substations required depends upon the nature of primary supply and system of AC electrification system. High Voltage AC Supply Arrangements of power supply to the various
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Systems of Track Electrification DC Electrification System: The substations are necessary for control of electric supply to a considerably long network in systems of track electrification DC electrification system. DC Substations: These substations are required for tramways, trolley buses and railways. Their functions are to (i) step down the transmission voltage to the utilization level
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What is Electric Traction? – Introduction, Definition, Working, Advantages and Disadvantages Electric traction was first introduced in Britian in the year 1890 at 600 V dc using third rail for urban and suburban services. For its application to long distance main-line service the developments were towards increasing the operating voltage and as a result the
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Neon Tube – Working Principle, Installation and Faults: The popularity of high voltage neon lighting arose almost entirely from its use in advertising, for signs, or in the decorative treatment of buildings, but later the lighting field became important. The neon tube, which is used in varying lengths up to about 9 metres, may be
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